New Delhi: In a major push to enhance national dairy productivity, the Union government has officially registered two high-yielding synthetic cattle breeds—Karan Fries and Vrindavani—capable of producing over 3,000 kg of milk during a standard 10-month lactation period, significantly higher than the 1,000–2,000 kg typically yielded by most indigenous cattle breeds.
Union Agriculture Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan on Wednesday presented registration certificates for these two breeds along with 14 other newly recognised livestock and poultry varieties, taking India’s total number of registered breeds to 246.
The formal registration marks the culmination of decades of scientific research and stabilised breeding programmes. Karan Fries, developed by the National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal, is a cross between the high-yielding Holstein-Friesian and the hardy indigenous Tharparkar breed. Vrindavani, developed by the ICAR–Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly, combines exotic germplasm from Holstein-Friesian, Brown Swiss and Jersey cattle with the indigenous Hariana breed.
According to scientists, both breeds have been engineered to deliver high milk yields while remaining well-adapted to India’s subtropical climate, making them suitable for large-scale adoption without compromising animal resilience.
Alongside these synthetic breeds, the newly registered list includes 14 indigenous breeds across species, such as Medini cattle (Jharkhand), Rohilkhandi cattle (Uttar Pradesh) and Melghati buffalo (Maharashtra). Poultry and waterfowl additions include the Mala chicken, Kodo duck, and the Nagami Mithun from Nagaland.
The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) said breed registration provides legal protection to valuable genetic resources and enables region-specific development programmes aimed at improving farmer incomes and rural livelihoods.
Read More: ICAR and NDDB Forge Strategic Alliance to Strengthen Dairy Research and Farmer Incomes
Addressing the event, Minister Chouhan said the government’s strategy balances productivity and conservation. “Developing high-performance synthetic breeds alongside protecting indigenous genetic diversity is central to the vision of Viksit Bharat,” he said.
ICAR officials noted that as climate change increases stress on livestock systems, conserving indigenous traits such as heat tolerance and disease resistance will be critical for long-term sustainability. At the same time, stabilised cross-breeds like Karan Fries and Vrindavani are expected to play a key role in meeting India’s rising milk demand.
With their formal recognition, the government aims to deploy these “stabilised” synthetic breeds as part of a science-led livestock management strategy to strengthen nutritional security, dairy farmer incomes and overall sector resilience.
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